基于學工管理系統(tǒng)的校園信息化實踐——以新鄉(xiāng)學院為例
Alice: Hi Bob, I've been tasked with developing a student affairs management system for our school in Xinxiang. Do you have any suggestions on how to start?
Bob: Hey Alice! That sounds like an interesting project. First, let's break it down into smaller tasks. We need to design the database first.
Alice: Okay, so what kind of tables should we create? For example, students and staff details?
Bob: Exactly! Let's start with two main tables: `students` and `staff`. The `students` table will include fields like ID, name, major, and GPA. The `staff` table could include ID, name, department, and role.
Alice: Got it. How about the relationships between these tables?
Bob: Well, if there are specific staff members handling student records, we might want a relationship table, say `student_staff`, linking both entities.
Alice: Makes sense. Now, how do we implement this using Python?
Bob: We can use Flask as our backend framework. Here's a basic setup:
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///school.db'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
class Student(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
major = db.Column(db.String(80))
gpa = db.Column(db.Float)
class Staff(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
department = db.Column(db.String(80))
role = db.Column(db.String(80))
@app.route('/add_student', methods=['POST'])
def add_student():
data = request.get_json()
new_student = Student(name=data['name'], major=data['major'], gpa=data['gpa'])
db.session.add(new_student)
db.session.commit()
return jsonify({'message': 'Student added successfully'}), 201
Alice: Wow, that looks straightforward. What about querying data?
Bob: For querying, you can use something like:
@app.route('/get_students', methods=['GET'])
def get_students():
students = Student.query.all()
output = [{'id': student.id, 'name': student.name, 'major': student.major, 'gpa': student.gpa} for student in students]
return jsonify(output)
Alice: This is great! We can now build more features based on this foundation.
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